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小学英语语法 There be句型的讲解

作者: admin来源: 网络文章 时间: 2019-02-26

There be句型是小学英语教学中的重要内容。表示某处存在某(物)人。基本结构为“There be +某物(某人)+某地(某时)”。

Be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。单数is,复数are

如:

There is a table in the room. 房间里有一张桌子。

There are some birds on the tree. 树上有很多鸟。

一、 There be句型的结构:

1.(一)There is+单数可数+地点状语

例:There is a ruler on the desk. 书桌上有一把尺。

(二)There are+复数主语+地点状语

例:There are four apples on the tree. 树上有四个苹果。

There are some flowers in the park. 公园里有许多花。

(三)there is + 不可数名词 +地点状语 (即使有some 也是 单数)

例:There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。 (水是不可数名词)

2. There be选择就近原则:

There be句型的就近原则是There be句型中语法项目的重点考点。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由最挨近的一项的单复数决定。

如:There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.

在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔,但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen,因此,be动词用单数is。

二、There be 句型的疑问句及回答

(一)There be 句型的疑问

1. 在“There is/are...”的疑问句中,要把Be动词放在there之前,并将句号变问号。难点:句中出现的some要改成any。

2. 肯定回答为:Yes, there is/are.

3. 否定回答为: No, there isn’t/aren’t.

例句

可数名词单数 1.

肯定句There is an apple on the tree.

疑问句 Is there an apple on the tree?

肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t.

可数名词复数2.

肯定句There are five pens on the desk.

疑问句Are there five pens on the desk?

肯定回答: Yes, there are. 否定回答 No, there aren’t.

不可数名词的时候 3.

肯定句 There is some water in the cup. (水是不可数名词)

否定句 Is there any water in the cup?

肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t.

三、There be 句型的否定形式

(一)There be 句型的否定: 否定形式只要在be动词后面加not即可,is not =isn’t are not= aren’t

但要注意的是句中如果出现some则改成any.

1.There is a knife in the kitchen. 否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.

2.There are five apples on the tree. 否定:There are not five apples on the tree.

3.There is some ink in the bottle. 否定:There is not any ink in the bottle. (ink是墨水,不可数名词)

4.There are some birds singing in the tree. 否定:There are not any birds singing in the tree.

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