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动词 insist 的用法

作者: admin来源: 网络文章 时间: 2016-06-25

1. 表示“坚持”“主张”等,可及物或不及物。用作及物动词时,其后通常只接 that 从句作宾语,而不能接名词代词作宾语,也不能接不定式或动名词作宾语。如:

误:He insisted his demand.

误:She insisted paying [to pay] for herself.

但是若其后接有介词 on 或 upon, 则可后接名词、代词、动名词。如:

He insisted on his demand. 他坚持他的要求。

She insisted on paying for herself. 她坚持要付她自己的那一份钱。

2. 其后可接 that-从句,但要根据意思的不同而分清两种情况:

(1) 表示“坚持要”“一定要”,从句所指的一般是尚未实现的事实,此时谓语通常用虚拟语气(即should+动词原形),而且引导词that 一般不省略(尤其是当已经省略 should 时)。如:

The detective insisted that he should have a look. 警探坚持要查看。

I insisted that he (should) go with us. 我坚持要他和我们一块儿去。

(2) 表示“坚持说”“坚持认为”,从句所指的通常是已经发生的事或已存在的状态,谓语一般用陈述语气,引导词 that 可省略。如:

He still insisted he wasn't there at the time. 他仍然坚持说他当时不在那儿。

John insisted that he heard somebody in the house. 约翰坚持说他听到房子里有人。

比较下面的句子:

He insists that she is careful. 他力言她是小心的。

He insists that she should be careful. 他坚持要她小心。

He insisted that he was not ill, but the doctor insisted that he should take the medicine. 他坚持说他没有病,但医生却坚持要他服药。

3. 不要受汉语的影响,在其后接用不定式的复合结构:

他一定要我们收下这些礼物。

误:He insisted us to accept these gifts.

正:He insisted on us [our] accepting these gifts.

正:He insisted that we (should) accept these gifts.

正:He insisted on it that we (should) accept these gifts.

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